Oh sajana bombay royale
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The Mayor’s Court under The Charter of 1687 drew the powers from The East India Company while The Mayor’s Court under The Charter of 1726 drew its power from The Crown.Mayor’s Court under Charter of 1687 v/s Charter Of 1726: Till 1765 through a number of Charters, The Company’s power’s increased and it established Municipalities and Court of Requests were established at Bombay and Calcutta.The power to cede territories and creation of Probate and Testamentary Jurisdiction was also given to The Company.To Try Civil and Criminal Cases, the permission to establish The Court of Record was also given.The Charter Of 1687 gave The East India Company power and Authority to establish a Municipality along with A Mayor’s Court at Madras.The Charter initiated a System of Appeals from the courts in India to The King-in-Council/Privy Council in England.The Court’s were as powerful as The Royal Courts whose source of Authority came directly from The Crown which was regarded as a Fountain of Justice.It Constituted a Mayor’s Court for each of The Presidency Towns.It Established a separate Civil and Criminal Court at each of The Presidency Towns at Madras, Chennai and Bombay.The Charter of 1726 changed the Judicial System in the following ways The Vacancy against The Mayor’s position was to be filled amongst the Aldermen who was in turn recommended by the outgoing Mayor and The Aldermen.The Person appointed as The Mayor could maximum be a mayor for one year and after that had to continue as an Alderman.Each Presidency had a Corporation which consisted of Nine Aldermen and a Mayor.The Governor-in-Council of each Presidency Town was given the power to make by-laws, rules and regulations for better settlement of the disputes arising in the Presidency.It established a local Court in each of The Presidency Towns at Madras, Calcutta and Bombay.There was an absence of a Competent Court in India which could Supersede all the other courts.
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Thus, there was a lack of uniformity in The Justice System and the same offence would carry a different punishment at different settlements.Since there were different Judicial Systems the servants of The East India Company at different settlements were governed by a different set of rules.The need for establishing a Mayor’s Court was felt as before 1726 different judicial systems were working in British India.The requirement of Establishing Mayor’s Court:
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Mayors Court was specially empowered to hear cases against The Company. The Charter was issued by King George on Twenty Fourth September (1726) to the Company. The East India Company till 1726 had no power to manage Capital Offences and Capital Punishments, to all the Presidencies with only Civil Jurisdiction being applicable. The Mayor’s Court was established in India in by The Charter of 1726 at Madras, Calcutta and Bombay which were East India Company’s Highest Courts in British India.